Theeyelids眼睑andeyelashes睫毛protecttheeyes.Theeyelidscovertheglobeandlubricate润滑itssurface.Themeibomianglands睑板腺,whicharemodifiedsebaceous脂肪glandsintheeyelids,secretemeibum油脂层,anoilylubricatingsubstancethatretardsevaporation.
Theorbicularisoculimuscle眼轮匝肌encirclesthelidsandisresponsiblefortheirclosure.Thismusclegroupisthereasonwehavesuchexpressiveeyes.Thismuscleissuppliedbythefacial,orseventhcranial,nerve.Thelevatorpalpebraemuscle提上睑肌elevatesthelidsandisinnervatedbytheoculomotor眼球运动,orthirdcranial,nerve.Müller’smuscleisasmallpartofthelevatormusclethathassympatheticinnervation.
Thelacrimalapparatusconsistsofthelacrimalgland,accessorytearglands,canaliculi,tearsac,andnasolacrimalduct.
hyperopia(farsighted)远视
myopia(nearsightedness)近视
presbyopia老花
cataract白内障
Diplopia(doublevision)复视
Brow眉毛
Contactlenses隐形眼镜
Itisextremelyimportanttoascertaintheacutenessofthelossofvisionandthepresenceorabsenceofpain.Sudden,painlesslossofvisionmayresultfromaretinalvascularocclusion闭塞oraretinaldetachment.Sudden,painfullossofvisionoccursinattacksofacutenarrow-angleglau
